El Salvador, the most densely populated country in Central America, has seen steady demographic growth throughout the 20th century. From just 2.2 million people in 1950, the population grew to 6.3 million by 2023. However, unlike many neighboring countries, El Salvador is expected to experience population stagnation and eventual decline over the next century.
El Salvador Historical Population Growth (1950–2024)
El Salvador’s population more than doubled in the second half of the 20th century due to high fertility rates and improvements in healthcare.
- 1950: 2.18 million
- 1960: 2.79 million
- 1970: 3.67 million
- 1980: 4.54 million
- 1990: 5.40 million
- 2000: 5.94 million
21st Century Growth and Stagnation (2000–2023)
The 21st century has seen slower growth, with the population stabilizing in the low six millions. Migration and declining fertility rates have contributed to this trend.
- 2010: 6.07 million
- 2015: 6.18 million
- 2020: 6.23 million
- 2023: 6.31 million
- 2024 projection: 6.34 million
This indicates that El Salvador has already entered demographic stagnation.
El Salvador Future Population Projections (2025–2100)
Unlike most countries in the region, El Salvador’s population is projected to peak around 6.67 million in 2047 before beginning a slow decline.
| Year | Population (millions) |
|---|---|
| 2030 | 6.49 |
| 2050 | 6.66 |
| 2075 | 6.18 |
| 2100 | 5.07 |
By 2100, El Salvador may lose nearly 1.6 million residents compared to its peak, largely due to low fertility and high emigration.
FAQ
In 2023, El Salvador’s population is about 6.31 million.
El Salvador’s population is expected to peak at 6.67 million around 2047.
Yes, projections show a gradual decline after 2050, dropping to 5.07 million by 2100.
The decline is due to low fertility rates, high emigration, and an aging population.
While most neighbors like Guatemala and Honduras continue to grow, El Salvador is stabilizing and set to shrink, making it unique in the region.
Source:
United Nations. World Population Prospects 2024.
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