Brunei Darussalam, a small but wealthy nation on the island of Borneo, has seen remarkable demographic change over the past century. From only 48,000 residents in 1950, the population has expanded nearly tenfold to 463,000 in 2024. Growth is expected to continue, with the population projected to peak around 521,000 by mid-century (2052–2059) before gradually declining to 465,000 by 2100.
Brunei’s Historical Population Growth (1950–2024)
In the early decades, Brunei experienced steady population increases, fueled by improved healthcare, higher birth rates, and modest migration.
- 1950: 48,000
- 1960: 88,000
- 1970: 135,000
- 1980: 186,000
During this time, Brunei benefited from the rise of the oil and gas industry, which provided both economic stability and higher living standards.
Rapid Expansion (1980–2010)
Between the 1980s and 2010, Brunei’s population more than doubled, reflecting strong economic growth and increased life expectancy.
- 1985: 219,000
- 1990: 255,000
- 2000: 326,000
- 2010: 392,000
This period coincides with accelerated urbanization in the capital, Bandar Seri Begawan, and rising standards of healthcare and education.
Modern Demographics (2010–2024)
In the last decade, Brunei’s population growth has slowed, mirroring global trends of lower fertility rates.
- 2015: 422,000
- 2020: 447,000
- 2024: 463,000
Today, Brunei has a relatively young population, but is beginning to see signs of an aging demographic, with more people entering middle and older age groups.
Brunei’s Future Population Projections (2025–2100)
Brunei’s population is expected to continue growing until the mid-21st century, followed by a slow decline.
- 2030: 482,000
- 2050: 520,000
- 2055: 521,000 (peak)
- 2100: 465,000
This demographic trajectory reflects both longer life expectancy and reduced fertility rates, which are expected to stabilize the overall population.
FAQ
The population is 463,000 in 2024.
It has increased nearly tenfold, from 48,000 in 1950 to 463,000 in 2024.
The population will peak at around 521,000 in 2052–2059.
Brunei is projected to reach 520,000 in 2050.
By 2100, Brunei’s population is expected to decline to 465,000, close to its current size.
Source:
United Nations. World Population Prospects 2024.
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