Belgium, a central European nation known for its cultural diversity and role as the headquarters of the European Union, has seen consistent population growth since 1950. The country grew from 8.6 million in 1950 to 11.7 million in 2024, and while growth is expected to continue slightly in the near future, long-term projections show stabilization followed by a gradual decline.
By 2035, Belgium’s population is forecast to peak at around 11.86 million before slowly declining to 11.06 million by 2100. This article explores Belgium’s historical population growth, current trends, and long-term demographic projections.
Belgium’s Historical Population Growth (1950–2024)
Belgium’s post-war recovery and economic development fueled steady population expansion:
- 1950: 8.6 million
- 1970: 9.6 million
- 1990: 9.96 million
- 2000: 10.25 million
This period was marked by urbanization, economic modernization, and immigration, particularly from Southern Europe and North Africa, which contributed to growth.
Table: Belgium Population Growth (1950–2000)
| Year | Population (millions) |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 8.6 |
| 1970 | 9.6 |
| 1990 | 10.0 |
| 2000 | 10.25 |
Since the early 2000s, Belgium has continued its gradual growth, largely supported by immigration and relatively stable fertility rates compared to other European countries.
- 2010: 10.94 million
- 2020: 11.54 million
- 2024: 11.74 million
Belgium’s growth has been slower than global averages but steady compared to neighboring countries experiencing population decline.
Belgium’s Future Population Projections (2025–2100)
Belgium’s population will likely peak around 2035 (11.86 million) before beginning a slow but steady decline:
- 2050: 11.87 million (near peak)
- 2075: 11.42 million
- 2100: 11.06 million
This trajectory shows Belgium avoiding dramatic depopulation like Eastern Europe but facing a gradual aging-related shrinkage.
Population Projections
| Year | Population (millions) |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 11.76 |
| 2035 | 11.86 (peak) |
| 2050 | 11.87 |
| 2075 | 11.42 |
| 2100 | 11.06 |
FAQ
In 2024, Belgium’s population is 11.74 million.
Projections show a peak around 2035 at 11.86 million people.
Yes, Belgium’s population will slowly decline after 2050, reaching 11.06 million by 2100.
Immigration, stable fertility compared to neighbors, and high urban density are major factors.
Unlike Eastern Europe’s steep decline, Belgium’s population is expected to remain relatively stable, with only a modest decrease by 2100.
Source:
United Nations. World Population Prospects 2024.
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